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電商平臺搭建構思「電商平臺組織架構」

來源：互聯網 2024-07-23 20:04:01
一、架構講解

大型電商系統架構圖：

1、緩存架構Nginx本地緩存 redis分布式緩存 tomcat堆緩存

2、緩存 數據庫讀寫模式

讀的時候先從緩存讀，沒有再去讀數據庫，從數據庫讀到了之后寫入緩存更新數據時，需要刪除緩存

更新數據時刪除緩存原因：因為有很多時候，緩存不僅僅是數據庫取出來的值，而是經過復雜的計算了的。那么更新的代價就比較大。如果更新了100次數據，但是實際只訪問幾次，那么每次都更新緩存就不劃算了。不如等他訪問的時候再計算。

3、Nginx雙層緩存模型第一層是ngnix分發服務器，第二層是ngnix后端服務器，可以避免每個商品走不同得ngnix，提升ngnix本地緩存命中率

二、Nginx雙層緩存架構

Nginx Lua部署

1、部署openresty

mkdir -p /usr/servers cd /usr/servers/yum install -y readline-devel pcre-devel openssl-devel gccwget http://openresty.org/download/ngx_openresty-1.7.7.2.tar.gz tar -xzvf ngx_openresty-1.7.7.2.tar.gz cd /usr/servers/ngx_openresty-1.7.7.2/cd bundle/LuaJIT-2.1-20150120/ make clean && make && make install ln -sf luajit-2.1.0-alpha /usr/local/bin/luajitcd bundle wget https://github.com/FRiCKLE/ngx_cache_purge/archive/2.3.tar.gz tar -xvf 2.3.tar.gz cd bundle wget https://github.com/yaoweibin/nginx_upstream_check_module/archive/v0.3.0.tar.gz tar -xvf v0.3.0.tar.gz cd /usr/servers/ngx_openresty-1.7.7.2 ./configure --prefix=/usr/servers --with-http_realip_module --with-pcre --with-luajit --add-module=./bundle/ngx_cache_purge-2.3/ --add-module=./bundle/nginx_upstream_check_module-0.3.0/ -j2 make && make install cd /usr/servers/ ll/usr/servers/luajit/usr/servers/lualib/usr/servers/nginx/usr/servers/nginx/sbin/nginx -V 啟動nginx: /usr/servers/nginx/sbin/nginx

注意：啟動遇到這個問題

[root@centos01 conf]#nginx: [error] invalid PID number “” in “/usr/servers/nginx/logs/nginx.pid”

解決方法：/usr/servers/nginx/sbin/nginx -c /usr/servers/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

2、配置ngnix lua

1.編輯nginx配置

vi /usr/servers/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

在http部分添加：

lua_package_path "/usr/hello/lualib/?.lua;;"; lua_package_cpath "/usr/hello/lualib/?.so;;"; include /usr/hello/hello.conf;創建hello.confmkdir /usr/hello

編輯vi hello.conf

server { listen 80; server_name _; location /hello { default_type 'text/html'; content_by_lua_file /usr/hello/lua/hello.lua; }}

編輯hello.lua

mkdir /usr/hello/luacd /usr/hello/luavi hello.lua

ngx.say("hello world");

拷貝所需資源

cp -r /usr/servers/lualib/ /usr/hello

重新加載配置

/usr/servers/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload

若有三臺ngnix服務器，兩臺作為應用服務器，一臺作為分發服務器。

3、分發服務器lua配置：

1、安裝http包

cd /usr/hello/lualib/resty/ wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/pintsized/lua-resty-http/master/lib/resty/http_headers.lua wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/pintsized/lua-resty-http/master/lib/resty/http.lua

2、編輯lua腳本

其中hostl里面換成另外兩臺服務器的ipvi /usr/hello/lua/hello.lua

local uri_args = ngx.req.get_uri_args()local productId = uri_args["productId"]local host = {"192.168.1.12", "192.168.1.13"}local hash = ngx.crc32_long(productId)hash = (hash % 2) 1backend = "http://"..host[hash]local method = uri_args["method"]local requestBody = "/"..method.."?productId="..productIdlocal http = require("resty.http")local httpc = http.new()local resp, err = httpc:request_uri(backend, { method = "GET", path = requestBody, keepalive=false})if not resp then ngx.say("request error :", err) returnendngx.say(resp.body)httpc:close()

重啟nginx

3、請求測試

修改productId的值查看效果http://192.168.1.14/hello?method=hello&productId=5

4、應用nginx服務器配置

1、下載依賴的包

cd /usr/hello/lualib/resty/ wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/pintsized/lua-resty-http/master/lib/resty/http_headers.lua wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/pintsized/lua-resty-http/master/lib/resty/http.lua wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/bungle/lua-resty-template/master/lib/resty/template.luamkdir /usr/hello/lualib/resty/htmlcd /usr/hello/lualib/resty/htmlwget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/bungle/lua-resty-template/master/lib/resty/template/html.lua

2、修改配置

cd /usr/hello/vi hello.conf

整體內容為：

server { listen 80; server_name _; set $template_location "/templates"; set $template_root "/usr/hello/templates"; location /hello { default_type 'text/html'; content_by_lua_file /usr/hello/lua/hello.lua; }}

3、創建html模板：

mkdir /usr/hello/templatescd /usr/hello/templatesvi product.html<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><title>商品詳情頁</title></head><body>product id: {* productId *}<br/>product name: {* productName *}<br/>product picture list: {* productPictureList *}<br/>product specification: {* productSpecification *}<br/>product service: {* productService *}<br/>product color: {* productColor *}<br/>product size: {* productSize *}<br/>shop id: {* shopId *}<br/>shop name: {* shopName *}<br/>shop level: {* shopLevel *}<br/>shop good cooment rate: {* shopGoodCommentRate *}<br/></body></html>

4、修改lua腳本

local uri_args = ngx.req.get_uri_args()local productId = uri_args["productId"]local shopId = uri_args["shopId"]local cache_ngx = ngx.shared.my_cachelocal productCacheKey = "product_info_"..productIdlocal shopCacheKey = "shop_info_"..shopIdlocal productCache = cache_ngx:get(productCacheKey)local shopCache = cache_ngx:get(shopCacheKey)if productCache == "" or productCache == nil thenlocal http = require("resty.http")local httpc = http.new()local resp, err = httpc:request_uri("http://192.168.31.179:8080",{ method = "GET", path = "/getProductInfo?productId="..productId})productCache = resp.bodycache_ngx:set(productCacheKey, productCache, 10 * 60)endif shopCache == "" or shopCache == nil thenlocal http = require("resty.http")local httpc = http.new()local resp, err = httpc:request_uri("http://192.168.31.179:8080",{ method = "GET", path = "/getShopInfo?shopId="..shopId})shopCache = resp.bodycache_ngx:set(shopCacheKey, shopCache, 10 * 60)endlocal cjson = require("cjson")local productCacheJSON = cjson.decode(productCache)local shopCacheJSON = cjson.decode(shopCache)local context = {productId = productCacheJSON.id,productName = productCacheJSON.name,productPrice = productCacheJSON.price,productPictureList = productCacheJSON.pictureList,productSpecification = productCacheJSON.specification,productService = productCacheJSON.service,productColor = productCacheJSON.color,productSize = productCacheJSON.size,shopId = shopCacheJSON.id,shopName = shopCacheJSON.name,shopLevel = shopCacheJSON.level,shopGoodCommentRate = shopCacheJSON.goodCommentRate}local template = require("resty.template")template.render("product.html", context)

5、修改nginx配置

vi /usr/servers/nginx/conf/nginx.conf在http里加入http { lua_shared_dict my_cache 128m;}

6、啟動后臺服務器提供getProductInfo接口，訪問分發的nginx服務器測試：http://192.168.1.14/hello?method=hello&productId=2&shopId=2

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