逃稅和避稅英文「逃稅偷稅漏稅避稅的區(qū)別」

* 用英語自身來理解和學(xué)習(xí)英語是最好的方式，《英讀廊》是《滿庭說英語》中的拓展閱讀系列，這一系列的文章力求幫助大家在英語閱讀能力上有所提升，并樹立英語思維；* 推薦的閱讀的方法是：先原文，適當(dāng)看解析閱讀，還有疑惑再看雙語對(duì)照。* 解析中英語單詞的音標(biāo)使用Dictcom和IPA雙音標(biāo)標(biāo)注，如果需要了解Dictcom音標(biāo)，請(qǐng)參看我們的《dictionary.com所用的音標(biāo)體系》一文。* 本篇文章難度系數(shù)6.0，由《小仙英語伴讀》人工智能難度分析系統(tǒng)提供評(píng)分。

#英語思維#

【編者按】稅務(wù)已經(jīng)越來越成為我們?nèi)粘Ｉ钪斜仨氈匾暤囊徊糠至耍總€(gè)人都應(yīng)該依法納稅。在這里，我們也熟悉一下稅務(wù)方面的英語詞匯和說法。

What's the difference between tax evasion and tax avoidance?【譯】逃稅和避稅有什么區(qū)別？【單詞】evasion [ih-'vey-zhuhn][?'ve??n] n. 逃避；躲避；借口【單詞】avoidance [uh-'void-ns][?'v??d?ns] n. 回避；避免

Tax avoidance is legally reducing your amount owed to the lowest you possibly can.【譯】避稅是在遵守法律的基礎(chǔ)上，盡可能地減少你所需支付的稅款。【單詞】legally ['lee-guhl]['li?ɡ?li] adv. 合法地；法律上地【單詞】reducing 原型：reduce [ri-'doos, -'dyoos][r?'dju?s] v. 減少；縮小；使落魄；簡化；還原【單詞】owed 原型：owe 動(dòng)詞過去式 [oh][??] vt. 欠（債；錢；人情等）；應(yīng)當(dāng)給予；感激；把...歸功于【單詞】possibly ['pos-uh-blee]['p?s?bli] adv. 可能地；也許【單詞】tax [taks][t?ks] n. 稅；負(fù)擔(dān)

This can be done thru itemizing expenses, qualifying for credits, etc.【譯】這可以通過逐項(xiàng)列出費(fèi)用、獲得信用分等方式來實(shí)現(xiàn)。【單詞】thru 名詞 adv. 穿越 prep. 經(jīng)過 =through.【單詞】itemizing 原型：itemize ['ahy-tuh-mahyz]['a?t?ma?z] v. 分列【單詞】expenses 原型：expense [ik-'spens][?k'spens] n. 費(fèi)用；花費(fèi)；代價(jià)【單詞】qualifying 原型：qualify ['kwol-uh-fahy]['kw?l?fa?] vt. 使具備資格；描述；[語]修飾 vi. 取得資格；合格【單詞】credits 原型：credit ['kred-it]['kred?t] n. 信用；榮譽(yù)；學(xué)分；贊揚(yáng)；貸款【單詞】etc ['etk] abbr. 及其他；等等(=Et cetera)

Tax evasion is intentionally deceiving the tax system to get a lower tax amount owed.【譯】逃稅則是故意欺騙稅務(wù)系統(tǒng)，以獲得較低的應(yīng)納稅額。【單詞】intentionally [in-'ten-shuh-nl][?n'ten??n?li] adv. 有意地；故意地【單詞】deceiving 原型：deceive [dih-'seev][d?'si?v] vt. 欺騙 vi. 行騙

This is abusing and defrauding the system and can lead to significant penalties, charges, and jail time.【譯】這是濫用和欺詐系統(tǒng)，將可能導(dǎo)致重大的處罰、指控和監(jiān)禁。【單詞】abusing 原型：abuse [uh-'byooz][?'bju?s] n. 濫用；惡習(xí) vt. 濫用【單詞】defrauding 原型：defraud [dih-'frawd][d?'fr??d] v. 詐騙【單詞】penalties 原型：penalty ['pen-l-tee]['pen?lti] n. 處罰；懲罰；不利【單詞】jail [jeyl][d?e?l] n. 監(jiān)牢；監(jiān)獄；拘留所 vt. 監(jiān)禁；下獄

The main difference is that tax avoidance is legal, as you are avoiding paying unnecessary taxes or paying more than you should, while tax evasion is illegal.【譯】主要區(qū)別在于，避稅是合法的，因?yàn)槟闶窃诒苊獠槐匾亩愴?xiàng)或是多交你應(yīng)該交納的稅，而逃稅是違法的。【單詞】avoiding 原型：avoid [uh-'void][?'v??d] vt. 避免；逃避；[律]使無效；撤銷【單詞】unnecessary [uhn-'nes-uh-ser-ee][?n'nes?s?ri] adj. 不必要的；多余的【單詞】illegal [ih-'lee-guhl][?'li?ɡl] adj. 非法的；不合法的

Tax avoidance is using legal means to reduce your tax liability.【譯】避稅是用法律手段來減少你的納稅義務(wù)。【單詞】reduce [ri-'doos, -'dyoos][r?'dju?s] v. 減少；縮小；使落魄；簡化；還原【單詞】liability [lahy-uh-'bil-i-tee][?la??'b?l?ti] n. 責(zé)任；債務(wù)；傾向；可能性；不利因素

Deducting mortgage interest is an example of this.【譯】扣除（房屋等）抵押貸款利息就是一個(gè)例子。【單詞】Deducting 原型：deduct [dih-'duhkt][d?'d?kt] vt. 扣除；演繹【單詞】mortgage ['mawr-gij]['m??ɡ?d?] n. 按揭；抵押；抵押貸款 vt. 抵押

Tax evasion is using illegal means to reduce your tax liability.【譯】逃稅是用非法手段來減少你的納稅義務(wù)。

Failing to report income or claiming deductions you aren't eligible for are examples of this.【譯】不申報(bào)收入或申請(qǐng)不符合條件的稅務(wù)扣除額就是這樣的例子。【單詞】Failing 原型：fail [feyl][fe?l] vi. 失敗；沒做成某事；表現(xiàn)欠佳；用完；衰退【單詞】deductions 原型：deduction [dih-'duhk-shuhn][d?'d?k?n] n. 扣除；扣除額【單詞】eligible ['el-i-juh-buh?l]['el?d??bl] adj. 有資格的；合適的

If whiskey is heavily taxed, I can stop drinking whiskey; this is avoidance.【譯】（舉例來說）如果威士忌稅很重，我可以停止喝威士忌；這是避免（對(duì)應(yīng)于避稅）。【單詞】whiskey ['hwis-kee, 'wis-]['w?sk?] n. 威士忌酒 =whisky.，一種烈性酒【單詞】heavily ['hev-uh-lee]['hev?li] adv. 重重地；沉重地；沉悶地；猛烈地；厲害地；稠密地【單詞】drinking 原型：drink [dringk][dr??k] v. 喝；飲 n. 飲料；酒；喝酒

Or I can buy it from a moonshiner; this is evasion.【譯】或者我可以從非法釀酒商那里買，這是逃避（對(duì)應(yīng)于逃稅）。【單詞】moonshiner ['moon-shahy-ner]['mu?n??a?n?] n. 烈酒私釀?wù)撸涣揖谱咚秸?/p>

【編者按】顯然，合法避稅可以保護(hù)我們應(yīng)得的收入，而逃稅則面臨著法律制裁，還是那句話，我們必須依法納稅。